FIRE Number Calculator

Calculate the Financial Independence Retire Early target portfolio for your spending — and project how long it takes to reach it.

How do you calculate your FIRE number?

Multiply your annual spending by 25 (4% rule) for the standard FIRE target. $40,000 a year in spending → $1,000,000 FIRE number. Lean FIRE uses 5% (×20 = $800k); Fat FIRE uses a cautious 3% (×33 = $1.32M). The calculator below shows all three plus a years-to-FIRE projection from your current savings and contribution rate.

Your Spending and Savings
4.0%
Your FIRE Target
$0
FIRE Number (at your rate)
0 yrs
Years to FIRE
$0
Annual Spending
$0
Coast FIRE (to 65)

FIRE Tiers
TierTargetYears to ReachDescription

How to use this calculator

Takes about 1 minute.

  1. Enter your monthly target spending in early retirement (include healthcare, especially if US pre-65).
  2. Pick your safe withdrawal rate — 4% standard, 5% Lean, 3% Fat.
  3. Add your current investments and monthly contribution to see years-to-FIRE for each tier.

Key concepts

The 25× shortcut. The FIRE number is the inverse of your withdrawal rate. At 4%, you need 25× annual spending (because 1/0.04 = 25). Drop to 3% and you need 33×. This is the canonical financial-independence equation — the same maths the Trinity Study used to derive the 4% rule.

Three tiers. Lean FIRE assumes you can live happily on a smaller budget — typically a paid-off home, minimal travel, no kids in expensive private school. Regular FIRE matches a middle-class lifestyle. Fat FIRE buys margin: $80-150k+ a year in spending, generous travel budget, ability to support family. Each adds 25-50% to the savings target.

Coast FIRE. A separate concept: the portfolio that, even with zero additional contributions, will compound to your full FIRE number by traditional retirement age (typically 65). At 7% real returns over 25 years, money doubles roughly three times — so Coast FIRE is your FIRE number divided by 8. Hitting Coast FIRE means you can stop saving and still retire on schedule.

Region. The framework is universal but the absolute number depends on local cost-of-living and healthcare. US early retirees pre-Medicare carry a $10-18k/person/year healthcare load that UK and SA retirees don't — bake this into the spending input.

Worked example — 35-year-old targeting FIRE by 50

A 35-year-old software engineer plans to spend $4,000 a month ($48,000 a year) in early retirement. Standard FIRE target = $48,000 × 25 = $1,200,000. Currently invested: $80,000. Monthly contribution: $2,000 across 401k, Roth IRA, and taxable brokerage. Expected real return: 7%.

Years to FIRE: with $80k starting and $2,000/month contributions, the calculator returns about 17 years — putting them at FIRE at 52. The Lean version ($960,000) lands at year 14 (age 49). The Fat version ($1,584,000) requires another 4 years to year 21 (age 56).

Coast FIRE is the interesting middle path. If they stop saving altogether at the moment the portfolio reaches $1.2M ÷ 2^((65-50)/10.3) ≈ $360,000 (roughly year 7-8), the existing portfolio will compound to the full $1.2M by age 65 without any further contributions. From that point onwards they could keep working only to cover current expenses — no further savings needed for retirement.

Adjusting one variable. If real returns disappoint at 5% instead of 7%, the timeline stretches from 17 to about 22 years. If they manage to bump savings to $2,500/month, it shortens from 17 to 14. The return assumption matters less than the savings rate over realistic 15-25 year horizons — savings rate is the lever you actually control.

Common mistakes

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a FIRE number?
The portfolio size that supports your spending indefinitely from investment returns alone. Standard formula: annual spending ÷ safe withdrawal rate. At 4%, that's 25× annual spending.
What's the difference between Lean, regular, and Fat FIRE?
Lean FIRE assumes 5% withdrawal (20× spending), regular uses 4% (25×), Fat uses 3% (33×). Lean trades comfort for an earlier exit; Fat buys safety margin.
How do I calculate my FIRE number?
Multiply annual spending by 25 for the standard 4% rule. $40,000 → $1,000,000. The calculator above shows the three tiers and projects time to reach each.
Is 25× annual spending really enough?
For 30-year retirement at normal valuations, yes (95% historical success). For 40-50 year horizons or elevated-valuation starts, use 28-33× for the same confidence.
How long does FIRE take?
Roughly: 20% savings rate = 35-40 years, 30% = 25-28, 50% = 15-17, 70% = 8-10. Savings rate is the lever you actually control.
Does the FIRE number include taxes?
It should but most casual FIRE math omits this. Either gross up spending by your effective tax rate, or shift weight to Roth/ISA/TFSA so withdrawals come out tax-free.
What about healthcare and Medicare?
In the US this is the biggest gap. Pre-Medicare ACA coverage is $800-1,500/month per person. UK and SA carry far less of this burden. Bake your specific cost into the spending input.

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